Candi Muara Takus HISTORY

A. Geographical cluster Candi Muara Takus

Position Muara Takus village
Muara Takus District located within the region XIII Koto Kampar, Kampar regency, Riau — Indonesia. Distance from Pekanbaru (the capital of Riau Province) to village about 128 KM. Travel to the village of Muara Takus, can only be done by road.

Origin of name Muara Takus
Muara Takus comes from the mouth of the name of a small creek called “Takus” to empty the trunk Kampar right. According to one ambassador of Singapore to Indonesia, who has been visiting the mouth of Muara Takus in the year 1977, said that the Muara Takus comes from two words “muara” and “ takus “ .
Furthermore he says, “muara” clearly does have a place where the children end the stream of the river to the sea or river to a larger, while the word “Takus” derived from the language China namely ta, ku dan se. Ta means that large, Ku mean while the old se mean temple. So if we combine the overall meaning of the word Muara Takus is: an old temple (the old temple) of / which is located on the magnificent river estuary.
Location cluster Candi Muara Takus
Racemose Muara Takus temple is located in the equatorial line 0. 0 21 north latitude and 100. 0 39 east longitude. Surrounded by walls made of white stone, the size of 74 m X 74 m, and is located road that connects between the village of Muara Takus the village Tanjung District XIII Koto Kampar.
Cluster this temple there are several as follows:
Temple Mahligai
Temple Palangka
Temple Bungsu
Old Temple
Building I
Building II
According to experts, the overall number of temples of 7 (seven) cluster. So there are three temples that have not yet found the building. Building I (one) estimated crematorium and Building II (two) is building the temple has not known the names and shapes.

B. BACKGROUND HISTORY cluster Candi Muara Takus

1. 1. The findings
Racemose Muara Takus temple was first found by De Groot cornet in the year 1860, the results finding poured in a text titled “Koto temple.”
2. 2. Research
a. WP GROENEVELD WP GROENEVELD
In the year 1880, a Dutch named above to conduct research racemose temple Muara Takus. Results of research is key to any posts short Verbeek and Van Delden.
b. RDM VERBEEK AND E.TH. VAN DELDEN
Then in 1880 Verbeek and Van Delden results based on any posts WP Groeneveld said that old buildings are buildings that consists of a Buddhist monastery and several temples.
In the year 1881 Verbeek and Van Delden write opinions about the existence of the temple with the title of Muara takus “Hindoe Ruinen De Bij Moeara Kampar Guru Aan De Rivier.”
c. JW IZERMAN
In the year 1889, JW Izerman make measurements as a photo interpreter, at the time they reached dikompleks temples that can be viewed are:
Stupa (temple Mahligai)
Stupa (temple Mahligai) is a building that is still good so that it can be drawn according to the circumstances but there are parts of buildings that have been damaged. At the top of the tower there is a stone with the paintings and reliefs oval leaves.

High terrace,at side east Stupa (temple Palangka)
Temple with the youngest terrace have a limit between the brick and sandstone.
Candi Tua Old Temple
d. DR. FM SCHNITGER
In the year 1935 he was doing excavation of the foundation, the gate of the north wall, the foundation of I, II and Pondasi Building Old Temple. In the youngest temple which is located west of the temple Mahligai never found a brick-shaped Lotus. There are gray and gold-plate the mixed soil. Gold plate in the image can be Trisula and writing in the letter nagari. According SCHNITGER youngest terrace temple, the temple in the Old, Palangka temple buildings I and II comes from the XI century, the temple and the temple Mahligai on Old XII century (1936). At the top of the tower Mahligai temple decorated with four lion statue on each angle. While in the temple youngest terrace above 20 there is a small stupa fruit and wajra-wajra who reads three or nine letters.
e. Bronson and heritage of ancient & National Jakarta Jakarta (1973 )
They conduct research and digging around the fence at the cluster temple Muara Takus and surrounding areas. From the results of the excavation found ceramics, which are generally older than the Yuan Dinasty Ming and Ching between centuries XIII and XIX. Results further excavation also found the remnants of the brick building which is located outside the complex. Then found Pragmen also made of bronze with the Nagari any posts that come from the XII century which can be connected with the State Government with the King Karta pamaiayunya expedition.

f. NJ KROM
Estimate of this building comes from the VII century M se or with the time of inscription in VIENGSA CHINA ( BOSCH 1930.149 )
g. BERNET KEMPRES
Said that the Stupa temple Mahligai the shape like a tower, with different forms of the stupa Indonesia although still follow Buddhist Architecture.
h. IR.JL MOENS
Argued that the central kadatuan Sriwijaya in the group of temples Estuary Guru, Guru because Estuary near the confluence of two rivers namely Sungai Batang Kampar Kanan and Mahat. And shadow in Walacakra that is not long and short in mid-eight, at noon the shadow is not there, this premonition that this region is on the equator.
i. BOSCH said, that Palembanglah as the center kadatuan Sriwijaya
j. Research Center National ancient heritage
In 1977 the national center of research and areas of ancient history and archaeological permuseuman Depdikbud office of Riau Province, the research group of the temple Muara Takus. One of the research, said that the building of temples and Stone Sand (tuff).. Other research results concluded that the building is a sacred Buddhist building is estimated to have a close connection with the Sriwijaya kadatuan.

CENTER KADATUAN Sriwijaya
Racemose temple Muara Takus always associated with Kedatuan Sriwijaya. Because the building with the top stupanya as a symbol Buddhistis. According to history, Sriwijaya kadatuan is a maritime country that its capital is always moved.
Muara Takus temple cluster is a legacy of ancient Buddhist (CLAIRE Holt 1967; 37) this is closely related to the mother search city Sriwijaya that so far can not exactly known. Muara Takus as the center kadatuan Sriwijaya, experts revealed in many ancient or establishment of which they have to say that that is the center Takus Estuary Kedatuan Sriwijaya while other states are not. Individual opinions they express the reasons for the strong.
Next expressed opinion of experts : :
I-TSING. In the VII century (671 years old M) China take a trip to India. to study Buddhism and live here (Estuary Guru) for 6 months. Its capital and surrounded the fort in placed by more than 1000 Bhiksu. According to the I-TSING to eight months in the shadow of a stick in Wala Cakra not be longer or shorter, and in the middle of the day without a shadow standing. The statement above I-TSING match situation Estuary Guru temple, located in the equatorial line.
Chia-TAN,. According to Chia-tan to the north of the Malacca kingdom located YOUEH LO, which is rare like, to the south of the Malacca kingdom located Shih-LI-FOR-SHEH, it is estimated that Kedatuan Sriwijaya. Muara Takus is indeed located in the south of the Malacca.

STORIES PEOPLE

According to the Hikayat Shahibul, Kampar river upstream population comes from the descendants of Sri daughter of the family who came from Padang Panjang Pariangan. Reputedly a king’s daughter Sri woo Hindu World, and after he married and established a kingdom in the Muara Takus, the descendants can be found here (Muara Takus).
One day, the Hindu king to return to his country, when people came, a group that also batak follow Hindu religion, but city this kingdom has been abandoned.
Sri Putri World has apparently wedded to the progenitor of a son who was named the Master, who later became king in Muara Takus offspring is PAMUNCAK RAJA Datuk DUBALAI. Muara Takus in the last king is RAJA BICAU. Perhaps city Muara Takus mouth very wide so that if a cat goes exploring city roof of a house takes time for three months until the new come back again.
Pongkai is the name of a village that is located on the downstream stem Kampar approximately 8 km from the village of Muara Takus. According to local folklore bricks used to build the temple in the Muara Takus, made this didesa Pongkai.
Pongkai comes from the Chinese, which consists of two word “pong” which means that holes, and “kai” which means land. So the meaning is the whole ground hole.
Brickyard can be witnessed didaerah pongkai holes form a vast land where the land is to be brick. Brick was made in the village after Pongkai, initially brought through the river to Muara Takus. Because transport through the river is felt very heavy so carry away changed with the use of human queue from the village until to place development Pongkai temple in Muara Takus.. So bricks that are in sequence that requires a lot of manpower, considering the 8 km distance.
Development of temple architecture Muara Takus can be said of Buddhism. This can be seen with the “stupa”, which is the symbol of Buddha Gautama. But if the views of the temple Mahligai, can be considered as a transition between ciwaitis to buddha, with the symbol Pallus and Yoni. View from a distance of just as the tower.
Development of temple architecture Muara Takus have equal with Aloha architecture building temples in India, as in:
Kapital Kapital
Roda Wheel
Kepala Singa Lion Head
There are also similarities with the architecture of the temple Myanmar (Burma). Similarly with the temple in Bihar Mahal of North Sumatra and on the terrace-temple terrace Muara Takus is similar to the temple Borobudur .
Thus the legacy of history and archeology should be inspected to truly reveal about the history and background on the objectives.
Muara Takus temple group consists of:
Mahligai temple, The building is square shaped with the size of 10:44 m X 10.60 m, height up to the peak of 14:30 m. Pondamen standing over octahedral (astokoma) and side part for 28 units. On base there are double lotus in the year 1860 M cornet during a visit to De Groot sana there , Found on each side of the statue of a lion in sitting position.
Candi Bungsu , Bungsu temple restoration started in 1988 and completed in 1990. Size X 7:50 m 16:28 m and the high after pugar at 6:20 m from the surface, volume and 365.80 m 3.
Palangka temple, temple restored Palangka began in 1987 and completed in 1989.
Tua temples, this temple is the largest temple of the temple-the temple, the temple has 36 units. And restored in 1990.

The detailed cluster Estuary Guru temple is as follows:
Mahligai Temple
Palangka Temple
Bungsu Temple
Tua Temple
Building I (incinerator)
Building II
Building III
Building IV ancient embankment
Haw

JEMUR ISLAND, ROKAN HILIR – RIAU , INDONESIA TOURISM OBJECT

Jemur island is located about 45 miles from the capital of Rokan Hilir Regency, Bagan Siapi-api ( Riau Province, Indonesia ). It’s about 45 mile from Malaysia and North Sumatera Province (Indonesia ) is nearest province from Jemur island.Jemur island is one of many island. Among them is Tekung Emas island, Tekung Simbang Island, Labuhan Bilik island and many other small islands. The group of islands that make up Jemur island is shaped like a circle with the centrehaving a calm sea.

During the monsoon season the waves in the Malaka Straits are so big that the fishermaen that are fishing near Jemur island have a look for protection at the centre. Jemur island has a very calm sea. When the wave gets smaller then the fishermen will continue their activities again.

Jemur islan has a beautiful and panoramic view. In addition Jemur islan is rich with seafood. There are also turtles that lay its eggs on the beach. This turtles can lay from 100 to 150 eggs each. The other tourist attraction in the Jemur island is Japan cave, light house, human foot prints, skeleton well, relics of Japanese occupation, stone of sea captain, corals and the beach that is gold in coals.

Many of us think that putting our money in the bank is a secure and wise way of saving. Yes, this is true if we are wise in dealing with banks. Banks are not charitable institutions, these are profit-driven entities which charge different kinds of fees and do all sorts of schemes to take away some of your money. The savings that you can get in being wise in making bank transactions can add up after some time and let you use your money where you want to.

Here are some tips on how to effectively save money in the bank:

Mind the Opportunity Cost

Think about the factors that are affecting your money in the bank. Are there fees that the bank is asking you to pay for keeping and using your own money? How much? Are they requiring a minimum balance for holding an account? You might be interested in other alternatives that are available out there, waiting for your investment. You should always factor in the opportunities that you are deprived of because you are putting your money in the bank. You might also be interested in taking a look into the terms of other banks. Probably the bank that can best suit your needs is out there waiting for you.

Book Balancing

Always bear in mind to have your checkbooks balanced at the end of every month. Issuing bounced checks can cost you a lot. The average fee for issuing checks with insufficient funds is $20. If you are not aware of the problem, you can easily issue several bounced checks in a certain period of time and this is very costly indeed.

Tame the ATM Machines

The best practice in using ATM machines is to avoid using ATM machines of other banks. This way, you will save on ATM fees. However, it wouldn’t hurt if you also knew the ATM machines of other banks which do not charge fees.

E-banking

With the advent of globalization, everything is becoming electronic. This is also true in the banking world and technology is quickly becoming a benchmark of competition. E-banking can save you some money from transportation costs and more importantly, it will save you time. The time you spend waiting at the bank can be used for some other productive activities.

Truly, putting your money in the bank is a wise way of saving money, but only if you are wise enough to prevent the bank from chipping away your wealth. In saving, it is not only the benefits such as annual returns which you should consider, you should always think about the costs involved in the process.

When you are trying to make money off of the articles on your website, it is important to effectively promote your site so that you will attract customers and they can see just what a good, quality site you have. There are several ways so market and promote your website, one of them being though banner advertisements.

What Banner Ads Can Do For You

Banner ads can help bring visitors from others sites to your own. Although monthly fees can be expensive to advertise on high traffic sites, in the end it may be cheaper and/or a faster way to start seeing significant revenue from your website efforts, rather than waiting for SEO techniques to bring your own site to the top of search engine results. Aside from paying to advertise on someone else’s site, there are also free banner exchanges to choose from. We will look at the pros and cons of each banner advertising method below.

Free Banner Exchanges

Free banner exchanges are when you and other sites exchange each others banners. Their banner will go on your site and your banner will go one their site. Although this option is free, there are two main problems with it. First, if you want your banner on a significant number of sites, it will mean cluttering your own site up with these banners. This could even shot you in the foot if you run an affiliate website because, instead of clicking on your affiliate links, your visitors may be clicking on your banner exchange links. Secondly, you have to be really careful about the types of sites that you exchange banners with. Some sites like to gather a lot of banners so that they can be a directory or portal site and not have to have any real content. These “banner farms” or “link farms” will do nothing positive for your site and, in the meantime, you will be bringing them potential traffic.

Paid Banner Ads

As we saw above, paid banner ads cost money, but they will eventually pay off if you choose the right ones. You need to ensure that the site produces the amount of traffic that they say and that they have your ad placed in a way that invites visitors to click without being too pushy. You also want to choose a site that does not house too many other banners on the same page as yours or that there are no competitor links on the same page.

All in all, banner ads can end up being profitable for you site if you go about it the right way. If you do decide to check out banner advertisement as a marketing avenue, be sure to keep the above tips in mind.

( GOLDEN INFO )

VISA POLICY TO INDONESIA

Tourist visas are only intended for tourists who are visiting Indonesia , not for expatriates intending to work and live for an extended period of time. Tourist visas will be needed by friends or family coming to visit you during your stay in Indonesia. There are 3 catagories of tourist visa system.

Pay for visa on arrival ( VOA ) system for citizens of 52 nations :
Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Cambodia, Canada, Cyprus, Denmark, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Kuwait, Laos, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Maldives, Malta,, Mexico, Monaco, Netherlans, New Zaeland, Norway, Oman, People’s Republic of China, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Switzerland, Sweden, Suriname, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, and The United States.

The cost of the 30 day (only) tourist visa is US$25 / person for a 30 – day visa and US$10 / person for a 3-day visa.

Visitors from countries with visa-on-arrival facility will have to go to a special counter to have their passports stamped with the the on-arrival visa before going to the immigration clearance desk. The VOA visa is NOT EXTENDABLE OR RENEWABLE. A Visa issued on arrival can be extended only in extraordinary circumstances such as as natural disasters, accident, or illness. If you want to stay in Indonesia longer than the 30 days you must exit and re-enter the country on a new tourist visa.

Visa purchasing takes 15-30 minutes per applicant, depending on the number of persons applying. Payment counters, a bank counter, and a money changer have been set up to process payments. Passport must be valid for at least six months from the date of arrival. Payment must be made on arrival. An onward or return trip ticket must be shown on arrival. The visa on arrival facility is only available at yhe following international gateways :

AIRPORTS :

Medan, Pekanbaru, Padang, Jakarta, Surabaya, Bali, Manado, Halim Perdana Kusuma in Jakarta, Adisucipto in Yogyakarta, Adisumarno in Solo, Selaparang in Mataram, Lombok, Sepinggan in Balikpapan, Kalimantan, Hasanuddin in Makasar, Sulawesi, and Eltari in Kupang, Timor.

SEAPORTS :

Batam, Tanjung Uban ( Bintan ), Belawan ( Medan ), Sibolga ( Sumatera), Dumai, Teluk Bayur ( Padang-Sumatera), Padang Bali ( Bali), Jayapura ( Papua), Teluk Bayur ( Padang,Sumatera), Bitung, Tanjung Balai Karimun, Tanjung Mas ( Semarang), Tenau ( Kupang), Pare-pare ( Sulawesi), Bintang Pura ( Tanjung Pinang) and Soekarno-Hatta ( Makassar, Sulawesi ).

Visa-free facility is granted to the citizens of 11 countries whose goverments extend visa free facility to Indonesian nationals would continue to enjoy short visa-free stays.Included in the 11 countries and administrative districts that are granted the 30-day visa-free facility are : Brunei Darussalam, Chile, Hongkong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region, Malaysia, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

Visitors with the visa-free facility will be able to proceed directly to the immigration clearance counter after deplaning. Passport must be valid for a minimum of six months from the date of arrival. Onward or return tickets must be shown on arrival.

Citizens of other countries not on the visa on arrival or visa-free lists will be required to apply for a visa overseas ( in their home country) before entering Indonesia. Citizens of any country wishing to stay more 30 days must also apply for an appropriate visa (cultural visit / business ) at their nearest Indonesian Embassy / Consulate before travelling to Indonesia. Tour agents are able to arrange express handling for groups at no additional charge by presenting the completed immigration cards, passports & applicable visa fee. Passengers who overstay their visa period for a short period of time can be processed immediately at the airport by payingUS$20 for every day they overstayed their 30 day visa. Airlines that experience technical difficulties or delayed flights can apply for their passengers to be exempted from paying any overstay penalties.

The current tourist visa policy cuts the length of stay for tourist visas from the previous 60 days to 30 days. It is NO LONGER passible to stay in Indonesia more than 30 days on a tourist visa.

Caution ( 30-day counting )

The way they immigration officials count the 30-day period is : you arrive on the 1st day with, for instance, a 30 –day visa, and you must leave on the 30th day ( not the 31st or the first of the next month, as you might think ). This is actually their policy for how to count the days, and after getting burned once and learning my lesson. I see their point and follow their definition of 30 days. If you want to stay in Indonesia LONGER than 30 days, you must leave the country and re-enter on a new tourist visa. People commonly fly to Singapore or Malaysia for this. There is no stipulation on the time you must stay outside Indonesia, in fact, you can return the same day if you want and be issued a new visa upon your arrival in Indonesia.

Overstaying your Visa

Overstaying a tourist visa ( or any visa) is a serious offense in Indonesia. You will be blaclisted ( can not enter Indonesia again for a year or more ) and fined $20-30/day for every day you overstayed your visa and then deported once you have paid the fine. The maximum fine for overstaying a visa ( more than 60 days) is Rp. 25 million and 5 years in jail. You will be kept at the immigration quarantine until you have paid the fee and/or the decision has been made to deport you. Please take this seriously as this is not one of those problems that you can easily bribe your way out of.

( GOLDEN INFO )

Keyword density and placement are important parts of optimizing your articles for search engines. Search engine spiders scan a page in a way that makes it important to place your keywords where they will be detected and recognized as a keyword, so that your article will come up when someone searches for that keyword.

What is a Keyword?

A keyword is a word that is going to be placed in your article several times, not just once as that would make every word a keyword. When a spider sees that you have a word placed several times in an article, it will determine that your page may be useful to users that search for such a keyword. (Golden Info )

Over Optimizing Your Articles

It is important to note that there is also such a thing as over optimizing your articles for particular words, this is known as “keyword stuffing”. When you stuff keywords in an article a spider will detect that you are trying to trick it into placing your article high in the search engine results for that word, and will instead penalize your site and your page for doing such. This may even affect the rankings of your other pages or get your site blacklisted from a particular search engine if you are found keyword stuffing too many times.

What is Keyword Density?

Keyword density is how many times your keyword is placed in your article. Most use a percentage to determine how many times they will put a keyword in an article. For instance, if you have a 500 word article and want to achieve a keyword density of 5%, then you will need to have the keyword in your article exactly 25 times. You can find hundreds of resources and guides recommending one keyword density over another and the reasons behind the logic, however, in the end you will have to determine which density is more profitable for your articles. Each webmaster as their own density that they like to achieve based on past results. As long as you don’t over optimize and you are making sufficient profit from your rankings, then you can choose whatever keyword density you like.

The Right Density

No matter what exact density you choose, it is important to place keywords so that there are more at the beginning and end to produce an hour glass effect. Having the right keyword density in your article makes it more likely that you will make money off of that article because it will rise in the search engine results and be seen by more people.

6 Red Hot Tips To Get Your Articles Read

There are many people who dread having to write papers or articles. Many just feel like it seems to be too much work and it all just goes to waste when no one reads the. To some people, reading articles seems like work to, especially if the article is boring and very bland. Well, articles are supposed to be read, that’s their purpose to impart your message and information. If it is not read then it is a waste of time and effort.

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To make sure that your articles get read and enjoyed, here are six red hot tips to get your articles read. These tips will make your articles readable and interesting.

1) Use short paragraphs.

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As each point is stressed out, numbers and bullets can quickly make the point easy to              remember and digest. As each point, tip, guide or method is started with a bullet or point, readers will know that this is where the tips start and getting stressed. Format you bullets and numbers with indentations so that your4 article won’t look like a single block of square paragraphs. Add a little bit of flair and pizzazz to your articles shape.

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6) Utilize figures when necessary and not just ordinary and insipid statements.

Using specific facts and figures can heighten your article because it makes it authoritative. But do not make it too formal, it should be light and easy in them and flow. Like a friendly teac her having a little chat with an eager student

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